Twenty five language notes covering key topics such as. Full text of an englishnyanja dictionary of the nyanja language spoken in british central. Secondary breakthrough kiswahili form 2 text book centre. Noun classification in swahili iath university of virginia. Kiswahili fasaha kidato 3 mwalimu text book centre. Unit 4 introduction to noun classes 2seeds network. Nearly all of these classes can be broken into singularplural pairs. Wiesemann for providing the initial stimulus for writing this paper, to stephen c.
Rural malawi edition in english with englishchichewa vocabulary. Each noun class has both a singular and a plural form, to make 18 total. Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. Loan word and acquisition evidence of semantic productivity. To get your score, simply click on the score exercise button and it will appear. This class is also known as class ix in the singular and class x in the plural.
Nouns are grouped into different classes according to their meaning. It is a southern bantu language with typical bantu agglutinative morphology which includes a nounclass system commanding agreement at the nominal, pronominal and verbal levels. Nouns are divided somewhat arbitrarily between these classes, although a few of them contain nouns which mostly fall into clear categories. Zulu is the mother tongue of the zulu people, souths africa largest ethnic group, who created an empire in the 19th century.
As you steadily increase your vocabulary, be extraconscious of noun classes. Aug 17, 2018 this class is usually used for foreign loanwords referring to inanimates that do not fit easily into the noun class system, because the singular does not necessarily require a prefix and the plural form is the same as the singular form, although they are often given ma class concords and the maplural by many speakers. Studies in african linguistics 12, number 3, pronouns in ak88se. Classes 3 m 2, 7 ki, and 5 ji, leaving aside class 1 m 1 and 910 no prefix, for the reasons mentioned above. However, for classes 5 and 910 an overt prefix occurs only in certain morphophonemic contexts. Full text of an englishnyanja dictionary of the nyanja language spoken in british central africa see other formats. Kiswahili grammar mwanasimba online free ebook download as pdf file. A grammar of the bemba language as spoken in northeast. For a list of wiktionary entries for nouns in this class, see category.
By the natural method with phonetic pronunciation thimm s system. Noun class as number in swahili request pdf researchgate. You will also hear people treat rafiki as a class 910 noun, if they are referring to a. This is the pdf version of the kiswahili grammar leesons on the mwanasimba website. Introduction the namibia senior secondary certificate ordinary level nssco is designed as a twoyear course for examination after completion of the junior secondary certificate. May 27, 20 mastering swahili noun classes is essential to learning the language, and the only way to do it is to study, study, study, practice, practice, practice. An introductory grammar of the sena language spoken on the lower zambesi w. Kiswahilis vowel harmony there are 9 noun classes in kiswahili. In general nouns refer to a person, an object, or abstract ideas. Distinguish and form singular and plural forms of nouns in 12 noun classes master the following vocabulary.
First, noun classes tend to be realized as grammatical morphemes rather than independent lexical items. Introduction bantu noun class systems can be roughly characterized in the following typological terms. A word such as kitabu book may be taken to mean either the book or a book depending on. Introduction bantu noun class systems can be roughly characterized in the following typological. Full text of an englishnyanja dictionary of the nyanja. This book, a grammar of the bemba language as spoken in northeast rhodesia, by schoeffer, j. The first column of the table gives example nouns in each class. When using a verb, this noun class uses a in singular and wa in plural for sentence. Swahili noun classes noun classes ngeli za kiswahili nouns in kiswahili are grouped into various noun classes because of two main reasons. It is used to refer to a wide variety of items, both animate and inanimate, including most names of animals and kinship terms. Swahili grammar and workbook download ebook pdf, epub. Feb 26, 2007 i am doing a phonological research paper on the alternations between the class 9 morpheme im versus in and the class 10 morpheme izim versu class 9 and 10 example words dictionary forum.
A grammar of the bemba language as spoken in northeast rhodesia schoeffer on. Abstract nouns are often in class 14, loanwords in classes 910 and 56. Unit objectives by the end of this unit, you should be able to. As youll see, the class of a noun shapes the behavior of everything grammatically connected to it. However, this is the other class, for words not fitting well elsewhere, and about half of the class 910 nouns are foreign loanwords. A foundation for speaking, reading, and writing second edition. Loanword and acquisition evidence of semantic productivity 1. Click on the black start button to begin the exercise. But you need to figure out what noun class the word belongs to, to know how to form a sentence.
Swahili noun classes ultimate cheat sheet discover discomfort. Swahili swa iso 6392 grammar is typical for bantu languages, bearing all the hallmarks of. The nouns of bantu origin are also quite diverse, designating among other things various kinds of. A cheat sheet to swahili noun classes and associated grammar, including why. Nssco english 2nd language syllabus, nied 2009 1 1. You will most commonly use these with nouns like shambani or nyumbani, or the locative demonstratives hapa, huko, kule, etc. The examples below use nouns in different ways and places to demonstrate how they behave in a sentence. It is a southern bantu language with typical bantu agglutinative morphology which includes a noun class system commanding agreement at the nominal, pronominal and verbal levels.
The website has been having problems lately so i am making the pdf available somewhere other than their site. In section 2 i describe the swahili noun class system, discuss some earlier work on noun. The nouns of bantu origin are also quite diverse, designating among other things various kinds of fruit, names of animals, and objects in everyday use. Pdf the swahili noun phrase in its sentential aspect. About half of the swahili noun classes are meaningful semantic. An introductory grammar of the sena language spoken on the. According to the book, some people in swahili speaking countries actually use their watches like this. Anderson for detailed comments, and to my wife for. Click download or read online button to get swahili grammar and workbook book now. Rural malawi edition in english with englishchichewa vocabulary international, icon group on.
Pdf this paper articulates the syntactic properties of nouns in swahili in relation to. Noun classes ngeli za kiswahili nouns in kiswahili are grouped into various noun classes because of two main reasons. Studies in african linguistics 12, number 3, pronouns in. The noun class that a noun belongs to is indicated by a prefix. I am doing a phonological research paper on the alternations between the class 9 morpheme im versus in and the class 10 morpheme izim versu class 9 and 10 example words dictionary forum. Noun classes in this summer curriculum, were going to emphasize. When the plural prefix vi is added to an adjective, it forms an adverb. Swahili represents an african world view quite different from that of a european language. Noun class as number in swahili ellen continimorava free download as pdf file. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate noun class marker that is missing. For example, in the mwa class, the example is mtu a person or watu people. A foundation for speaking, reading, and writing second edition thomas j.
Swahili noun classes ultimate cheat sheet discover. Swahili unit 4 vocabulary new content heres the lecture audio, if youd like to listen along. Kiswahili grammar mwanasimba online grammatical number. But you dont have to save this download a copy of the cheat sheet as a pdf. Even though the demonstratives hapa or hapo actually refer to noun class 16, swahili speakers almost always use the noun class 17 prefix to form possessives and associatives for them. Certain of the blanks may not require an overt noun class marker and should be left blank. About half of the swahili noun classes are meaningful semantic groupsthe nouns within those classes all have a lot in common e. The home of the sena language is the district bordering the zambesi from shupanga to the lupata gorge. Classes 9 10 have the largest number of foreign words of any noun class in swahili, thus making the total vocabulary very large and very diverse as to content. For example, all class 1 nouns are humans and verbal agents, most class 1a nouns are proper names and kinship terms, etc.
265 886 35 383 1084 419 957 160 1341 388 12 374 1318 1210 211 1239 787 579 1526 533 1147 782 306 102 755 14 1066 63 389 244